The process of acquiring new information and memory has been a study that has fascinated the researchers and educationists for centuries. The structure of the brain suggests that language and language learning depends on brain systems. In order to underline the importance of memory studies in the language learning process and how brain functions are the main concerns of this study. The aim of this paper is to present types of memory and its features in relation to the psychology of foreign language learning and its contributions to ELT/EFL.