Instructional design system is preferred for the acquisition of knowledge in the best way and permanent learning. Therefore, several models and approaches were developed in order to achieve the best version of the system. This study determined efficiency levels of these instructional designs based on positivist and post-positivist views in the light of information in the literature considering ARCS, ADDIE, ASSURE, Project-based Learning, Problem-based Learning and Cognitive Apprenticeship. As a result, it was found out that post-positivist view must be used more in order to provide educational success of students. It was also concluded that considering the characteristics of examined models and approaches, education will be more successful when these models and approaches of different views are combined.