This paper aims to present a qualitative research of the specialized literature concerning the concepts of neuro-linguistic programming epistemology, mental models and their role in developing the communication competence.

The main concerns of this approach are strictly related to the importance of the communication process in the context of the permanent increasing flow of information which globally transcends fields such as science, research, art, education, literature or personal development. To achieve efficient communication skills individuals should understand the neurophysiologic activity of the modular organized human speaking system. Our brain uses mental simulation to predict facts and event and to generate appropriate language for certain contexts. The impact of these models is reflected on the usage of language in order to transmit, understand, express and interpret thoughts, feelings or knowledge.

To transmit a message requires to adapt the language to the level of the interlocutor, to have the ability of organizing an attractive communication environment and the power to challenge with interesting, new topics able to activate existing mental models internally held.

Mental perceptions integrate the information originated by different sensory cortical areas and are based on knowledge having inferential character.

Keywords: mental models, neuro-linguistic programming, metal perceptions, communication competence.