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This research aimed to study and compare knowledge and understanding, critical thinking, awareness and environmental conservation behaviors of the students who learned using the good science thinking moves method with metacoginitive  techniques and  those students using the traditional teaching method. Seventy - four grade 12 students from 2 classes were participated in  the  study. These students were  selected  using the cluster random sampling technique from Nadoon Phachasan School in Nadoon District, Maha Sarakham province. They were assigned to an experimental group of 40 students learned using the good science thinking moves  method with metacognitive techniques and a control group of 34 students learned using the traditional teaching method. Research instruments included (1) learning plans entitled  Human and Environmental Sustainability for two groups of students (2) a test on knowledge and understanding ; (3) a test on critical thinking ; (4) an awareness questionnaire ; and (5) a questionnaire on environmental conservation behaviors. The major findings revealed that the lesson plans using the good science thinking moves method with metacognitive techniques had an effectiveness index of  0.7290. The whole students, the male students and  the female students of the experimental group showed gains in knowledge and understanding , critical thinking, awareness and environmental conservation behaviors from before learning (p<0.001). The students with different sexes statistically do not indicate these mentioned learning  outcomes differently . However, the experimental group evidenced more previousely  mentioned learning outcomes than the control group students (p<0.001). Also, there were statistical interactions of sex with learning model  only  on  awareness in the reception area and on environmental conservation behaviors in the area of effective and valued of resources usage (p<0.05).