The purpose of this research is to get deep meaning of policy implementation to improve education quality relate with the teachers in primary education in Laos and Indonesia. Research locations are in both Ministry of Education in those countries. This research used a qualitative approach with a multi-case study design. Researcher find the meaning of events and interactions of people in situation at the time of research in order to understand concepts, perspectives, values​​, policy implementation practices. Data collection techniques include: (1) in-depth interviews, (2) participant observation, and (3) study the documentation. First, policy formulation consider the aspect of novelty and national education goals; second, policy dissemination of existing policies do after getting the approval of the parliament, as well as socialization is done to the department of education in each province and district; third, policy implementation process is done by establishing a monitoring team to oversee that the policy can work well; fourth, monitoring and evaluation of the implementation is done periodically, at least every six months, and the results of the evaluation are reported to the Ministry; fifth, gaps in the implementation of policies to improve the quality of primary school teachers is because monitoring can not be run with maximum caused by geographical conditions and the weakness of the role of school supervisors; sixth, efforts to repair gaps in the implementation of policies to improve the quality primary school teachers is to make laws on the teacher, as well as to provide training to teachers and principals.

Keywords: policy implementation, education quality, teacher quality