Last modified: 2024-11-06
Abstract
Objective: Many weight loss programs have been considered ineffective for sustained weight management. As such, there is a growing interest in non-dieting approaches to improving health, such as mindful or intuitive eating practices. This study aimed to assess generational variations in mindful and intuitive eating habits and investigate the relationship between these eating practices and body mass index (BMI), depression, stress, and anxiety levels. Material and Methods:This study employed a cross-sectional design, involving 547 participants across four generations: 79 baby boomers, 109 Generation X, 163 Generation Y, and 196 Generation Z. Participants completed an online questionnaire that incorporated the Intuitive Eating Scale–2nd edition (IES-2), Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ), and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale. Self-reported anthropometric measurements, including body weight, height, and waist circumference were collected from the participants. The data were analysed using the chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson correlation. Results: No significant differences were observed between generations in the total MEQ and IES-2 scores. Significant generational differences were observed in the MEQ sub-scales "Awareness" and "Conscious Eating", with the highest scores in Generation Y and the lowest scores in Baby Boomer generation. Additionally, there were significant differences in the MEQ sub-scales "Interference", with the highest scores in Baby Boomer generation and the lowest scores in Generation Z. The BMI demonstrated a weak negative correlation with the total scores of both the IES-2 and MEQ, suggesting that BMI may be a useful measure of mindful and intuitive eating. Furthermore, symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress exhibited a weak negative correlation with the total IES-2 scores, while demonstrating a moderate negative correlation with the total MEQ scores. Conclusion: These findings could enhance the understanding of the relationship between mindful/intuitive eating and physical/mental health. Longitudinal studies are needed to establish more robust cause-effect relationships.