Music was first implemented in Vietnam high school educational curriculum in 2022. The student characteristic’ differentiation in music at high school level is reflected in many aspects such as: cognitive ability including knowledge perceiving and logical thinking ability, gifted-hobby include the ability of musical performance, perceiving and creation; Needs of learning include career orientation, regionality and individual condition. Each of these aspects in each student is also divided into many different levels depending on individual characteristics as well as their conditions. Each of the above factors has its own characteristics, and teachers need to know this to adjust the teaching process to meet the requirements of developing students' competencies effectively. The study clarifies the levels of each student's characteristics in music subjects in high schools, thereby identifying the causes of differentiation as well as providing a basis for proposing teaching measures so that each student can develop in the optimal solutions.